--- canonical: "https://euincnow.com/company-formation-romania" dateModified: "2026-10-11" --- # Company Formation in Romania: Types, Taxes and Costs Forming a company in Romania takes about one to two weeks, with the National Trade Register Office (ONRC) clearing the file in roughly 3 to 5 business days, and the whole process can be handled remotely by power of attorney. Most foreign founders open an SRL, which needs only RON 500 (about EUR 100) of capital, allows a single non-resident owner-director, and can qualify for Romania's 1% micro-enterprise tax on turnover up to EUR 100,000 if it employs at least one person. Standard corporate tax is 16% and VAT is 21%. ## Romania at a glance - Romania is an EU member state with its own national company forms and registration rules. Compare company types, capital, tax, timing and signing requirements before you choose. The proposed 28th Regime (EU Inc) is a separate option that is not available yet. ### Company types in Romania - SRL (Societate cu Raspundere Limitata) The default private limited company for foreign founders. For a newly established SRL, minimum capital is RON 500 (about EUR 100) under the current rules, 1 to 50 shareholders, a director with no residency requirement, and eligibility for the 1% micro-enterprise tax. - SA (Societate pe Actiuni) Joint-stock company for larger or investor-backed ventures. Minimum capital RON 90,000 (about EUR 18,000), at least 30% paid at incorporation, with a board structure. - PFA (authorised natural person) Sole trader for individuals only, with unlimited personal liability and 10% income tax plus social contributions. Not eligible for the micro-enterprise regime. * Company formation in Romania: key facts (last reviewed July 2026) - Corporate tax Standard corporate income tax is a flat 16% on profit. Qualifying micro-enterprises pay 1% on gross revenue instead, available up to EUR 100,000 of annual turnover and conditional on having at least one full-time employee. From 1 January 2026 the micro regime was simplified to a single 1% rate, removing the former 3% rate and lowering the threshold from EUR 250,000 to EUR 100,000. - VAT rate Standard VAT is 21%, raised from 19% on 1 August 2025, with a single reduced rate of 11% on items such as food, medicines, water and accommodation. VAT registration is mandatory once annual turnover exceeds RON 395,000 (about EUR 80,000). - Dividends & payroll taxes Dividends carry a 16% tax from 1 January 2026 (10% applied during 2025). Personal income tax is a flat 10%, with the bulk of social contributions (around 35%) borne by the employee and a small employer work-insurance charge on top. Distributions from micro-regime companies still trigger the dividend tax. - Minimum share capital Under the current rules, a newly established SRL requires at least RON 500 (about EUR 100). Where the previous financial year’s reported net turnover exceeds RON 400,000, the minimum is RON 5,000 (about EUR 1,000). Check the statutory increase deadline and transition rules for an existing company. An SA requires RON 90,000 (about EUR 18,000), 30% paid up. - Setup time About 1 to 2 weeks end to end. The National Trade Register Office (ONRC) processes the file in roughly 3 to 5 business days and issues the registration certificate; the rest covers document preparation and bank account setup. - Remote setup Yes. Name reservation, Trade Register filing and tax registration can all be done remotely with a notarised and apostilled power of attorney, with no visit to Romania and no residence permit required. - Director / residency At least one director is required, with no nationality or residency requirement, so a non-resident foreigner can be both sole shareholder and sole director of an SRL. The former restriction limiting a person to sole ownership of one SRL was repealed in 2020. - Banking options A Romanian corporate account must be opened within 60 business days of registration. Major banks include Banca Transilvania (which offers online or video account opening), BCR, BRD, ING and Raiffeisen; EU fintechs such as Wise and Revolut are common as interim accounts. * The headline draw is the qualifying 1% micro-enterprise tax on turnover up to EUR 100,000, conditional on employing at least one person and meeting the other regime conditions. From 1 January 2026, the dividend tax rose from 10% to 16%. Under the current capital rules, a newly established SRL requires at least RON 500; higher capital and transition rules apply according to turnover and company circumstances. Romania mandates RO e-Factura B2B e-invoicing and has full EU single-market access. ## How to register a company in Romania - Step by step, this is how a Romania formation actually runs: 1. **Reserve the name.** The Trade Register checks and reserves the company name online. 2. **Prepare the incorporation file.** Articles of association, registered office proof and specimen signatures; a notarised, apostilled power of attorney lets a local lawyer sign everything. 3. **File with the Trade Register.** Registration is decided usually within a few business days; the certificate and tax registration arrive together. 4. **Deposit the capital.** The symbolic RON 500 minimum is paid into a Romanian corporate account, which must be opened within 60 business days of registration. 5. **Register for VAT and the micro regime.** Confirm eligibility for the single 1% micro-enterprise tax (employee condition applies) and register for VAT if needed. ## What company formation in Romania costs - Trade Register incorporation itself carries minimal official fees; with translations, notarisation of the power of attorney and a lawyer, remote founders commonly spend EUR 200 to 500 in total. Share capital is a token RON 500 (about EUR 100). Monthly accounting, which is mandatory, typically costs EUR 60 to 150 for a small SRL. ## Who can form a company in Romania - Check ownership eligibility separately from director, local-address and licensing requirements. Permission to own shares does not automatically give you permission to live or work in Romania. The director and residency information above identifies the main formation conditions to review. - Romania fits service businesses and agencies that can live inside the micro-enterprise rules, where the qualifying 1% tax on turnover up to EUR 100,000 is hard to beat in the EU. The catch is ongoing: monthly accounting, the employee condition and regime changes in recent years mean the setup needs an attentive local accountant. ## After registration: what Romania expects each year - Accounting is monthly by law even with little activity, with annual financial statements due by the end of May. Micro-enterprises file quarterly turnover-tax declarations and must keep meeting the conditions (including the one-employee rule) to stay in the regime. VAT payers add monthly or quarterly returns. ## Romania and the 28th Regime (EU Inc) - EU Inc, the proposed 28th Regime, would add a harmonised company form in EU member states. Registration is not open and no launch date is confirmed. A national company in Romania is available under existing rules, but a later EU Inc conversion would depend on the adopted law and eligibility. Read how to prepare an EU Inc company, or compare current options in company formation in Europe. ## Sources and review scope - Use the linked registries, authorities and specialist references to check the requirements for your company. A review of formation costs and filings does not replace a review of your tax position. ### Topics checked - These dates apply to the named topics. Other figures and indicative service prices have separate review needs. * **Qualifying micro-enterprise turnover tax rate** Checked 11 October 2026. [Source 1][1] * **Repeal of the sole-owner restriction** Checked 11 October 2026. [Source 1][2] * **Current new-SRL and turnover-based capital amounts** Checked 11 October 2026. [Source 1][3] ### Reference links - [taxsummaries.pwc.com][4] - [mihaiattorneys.com][5] - [static.anaf.ro][1] - [legislatie.just.ro][2] - [onrc.ro/documente/legislatie/Legea 239 \_ 2025 - 2.pdf][3] ## Frequently asked questions ### Can a foreigner open a company in Romania? - At least one director is required, with no nationality or residency requirement, so a non-resident foreigner can be both sole shareholder and sole director of an SRL. The former restriction limiting a person to sole ownership of one SRL was repealed in 2020. ### How long does company formation in Romania take? - About 1 to 2 weeks end to end. The National Trade Register Office (ONRC) processes the file in roughly 3 to 5 business days and issues the registration certificate; the rest covers document preparation and bank account setup. ### What corporate tax does a company in Romania pay? - The headline summary is 16% (1% micro), with standard VAT of 21%. Company form, activity, size and where the business operates can change the treatment. Read the detailed tax information and confirm the rules for your case. ### Can I form a company in Romania remotely? - Yes. Name reservation, Trade Register filing and tax registration can all be done remotely with a notarised and apostilled power of attorney, with no visit to Romania and no residence permit required. ## Source URLs [1]: https://static.anaf.ro/static/10/Galati/gl1_199.htm [2]: https://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/227560 [3]: https://www.onrc.ro/documente/legislatie/Legea%20239%20_%202025%20-%202.pdf [4]: https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/romania/corporate/taxes-on-corporate-income [5]: https://www.mihaiattorneys.com/news-and-insights/how-to-incorporate-a-company-in-romania-in-2026-the-complete-guide-for-foreign-founders